All countries have some kind of a historic mirror through which the past is defined and the future is shaped. The same thing is true even with the Mighty British Empire. The Victorian Era (shortened to VE for the purpose of this article) refers to a historic period in British Empire during which Queen Elizabeth reigned. It ended in 1901 on the 22nd of January following the death of Victoria and started when she became queen at the age of 18 in 1837. Some among the major characteristics of the period include peace, national self-confidence, prosperity, and refined sensibilities in Britain.
In social history and literature, Victorianism is the study of late-Victorian culture and attitudes with more emphasis being given to the highly moralistic, behavior and straitlaced language. This era preceded the Edwardian period and came after the Georgian period. There was a rough overlap between the last half of the VE and the first part of the Belle Epoque era in continental Europe.
The reign of Queen Victoria was a long one and while she reigned, the British kingdom attained the peak of its power. Peak power was achieved in the economy, culture, diplomacy, and politics among other areas. No great wars were fought during this period and there was tremendous expansion in the second British Empire. Researchers have always used the term golden years to characterize middle years of the era. This is because there was a 50 percent increase in the per capita income in the country.
Increased industrialization in the economy was the source of the continued prosperity that Britain had during the reign of Queen Victoria. Industrialization occurred in industries like machinery. Engineering, education, textiles, and export among others. British merchants made huge profits from global networks they created which allowed export of products.
Peace prevailed both abroad and at home. The only war fought during this period was the Crimean war which lasted two years from 1854 to 1856. There was new social order against which opposition sublimed. The working class developed unions and cooperative societies. Welfare services were provided to workers by their employers in the form of housing, libraries, gymnasia, churches, schools, and baths.
The kingdom was filled with the spirit of libertarianism as people felt extremely free. There were minimal government restrictions and taxes stayed low. However, minimal anti-Catholicism-motivated riots still occurred. Gentry and aristocracy was used to rule the society. The systems ruled the military, the church, high government offices, and both houses of parliament. Still, it was more prestigious to inherit a title than being successful in business.
The period saw a major increase in population. From a population of 13.9 million people in 1831, the population rose to 32.5 million by 1901. Agricultural Revolution, Demographic transition, and Industrial Revolution were first undergone by Britain in the whole world. Lives were improved and income increased by the Industrial Revolution to sustain population growth.
Victorians found science and progress very interesting. They worked to improve their technology very fast. At that time, Britain was the global leader of advanced engineering and technology. They designed and manufactured railways and improved communication tremendously. Trade and industry were facilitated by ease of movement and communication of people through railways.
In social history and literature, Victorianism is the study of late-Victorian culture and attitudes with more emphasis being given to the highly moralistic, behavior and straitlaced language. This era preceded the Edwardian period and came after the Georgian period. There was a rough overlap between the last half of the VE and the first part of the Belle Epoque era in continental Europe.
The reign of Queen Victoria was a long one and while she reigned, the British kingdom attained the peak of its power. Peak power was achieved in the economy, culture, diplomacy, and politics among other areas. No great wars were fought during this period and there was tremendous expansion in the second British Empire. Researchers have always used the term golden years to characterize middle years of the era. This is because there was a 50 percent increase in the per capita income in the country.
Increased industrialization in the economy was the source of the continued prosperity that Britain had during the reign of Queen Victoria. Industrialization occurred in industries like machinery. Engineering, education, textiles, and export among others. British merchants made huge profits from global networks they created which allowed export of products.
Peace prevailed both abroad and at home. The only war fought during this period was the Crimean war which lasted two years from 1854 to 1856. There was new social order against which opposition sublimed. The working class developed unions and cooperative societies. Welfare services were provided to workers by their employers in the form of housing, libraries, gymnasia, churches, schools, and baths.
The kingdom was filled with the spirit of libertarianism as people felt extremely free. There were minimal government restrictions and taxes stayed low. However, minimal anti-Catholicism-motivated riots still occurred. Gentry and aristocracy was used to rule the society. The systems ruled the military, the church, high government offices, and both houses of parliament. Still, it was more prestigious to inherit a title than being successful in business.
The period saw a major increase in population. From a population of 13.9 million people in 1831, the population rose to 32.5 million by 1901. Agricultural Revolution, Demographic transition, and Industrial Revolution were first undergone by Britain in the whole world. Lives were improved and income increased by the Industrial Revolution to sustain population growth.
Victorians found science and progress very interesting. They worked to improve their technology very fast. At that time, Britain was the global leader of advanced engineering and technology. They designed and manufactured railways and improved communication tremendously. Trade and industry were facilitated by ease of movement and communication of people through railways.
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